Posted Updated LeetCode / Easya minute read (About 221 words)

235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a BST

问题
Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the BST.

According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes p and q as the lowest node in T that has both p and q as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”

DFS搜索，如果当前节点为null，则返回null。
如果当前节点小于p和q的值，则递归其左子节点。
反之递归其右子节点。
如果当前节点在p与q之间，则返回当前节点。
该节点是p与q的Lowest Common Ancestor。

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/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */

class Solution {
    public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
        if(root == null){
            return null;
        }
        if(p.val < root.val && q.val < root.val){
            return lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
        }
        if(p.val > root.val && q.val > root.val){
            return lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);
        }
        return root;
    }
}
Posted Updated LeetCode / Medium2 minutes read (About 243 words)

538. Convert BST to Greater Tree

问题
Given the root of a Binary Search Tree (BST), convert it to a Greater Tree such that every key of the original BST is changed to the original key plus the sum of all keys greater than the original key in BST.

As a reminder, a binary search tree is a tree that satisfies these constraints:

  • The left subtree of a node contains only >->- nodes with keys less than the node’s key.
  • The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node’s key.
  • Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.
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/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */

DFS搜索，设置一个成员变量记录上一个节点的值。
先递归右侧节点。
设置当前节点的值为自身的值加上temp中的值。
更新temp中的值，再递归左侧节点。


class Solution {
    int temp;
    public TreeNode convertBST(TreeNode root) {
        temp = 0;
        dfs(root);
        return root;
    }
    
    private void dfs(TreeNode root){
        if(root == null){
            return;
        } 
        dfs(root.right);
        root.val += temp;
        temp = root.val;
        dfs(root.left);
    }
}
Posted Updated LeetCode / Medium / 复习2 minutes read (About 291 words)

669. Trim a Binary Search Tree

问题
Given the root of a binary search tree and the lowest and highest boundaries as low and high, trim the tree so that all its elements lies in [low, high]. Trimming the tree should not change the relative structure of the elements that will remain in the tree (i.e., any node’s descendant should remain a descendant). It can be proven that there is a unique answer.

Return the root of the trimmed binary search tree. Note that the root may change depending on the given bounds.

DFS搜索，每次递归带上搜索的范围值。
如果当前节点小于搜索范围，递归当前节点的右子节点。
反之递归当前节点的左子节点。
如果当前节点在搜索范围中，则其左子节点等于递归后的左子节点，右子节点等于递归后的右子节点。
然后返回当前节点。

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/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public TreeNode trimBST(TreeNode root, int low, int high) {
        if(root == null){
            return null;
        }
        if(root.val < low){
            return trimBST(root.right, low, high);
        }
        if(root.val > high){
            return trimBST(root.left, low, high);
        }
        
        root.left = trimBST(root.left, low, high);
        root.right = trimBST(root.right, low, high);
        return root;
    }
}
Posted Updated LeetCode / Easy / 复习2 minutes read (About 263 words)

70. Climbing Stairs

问题
You are climbing a staircase. It takes n steps to reach the top.

Each time you can either climb 1 or 2 steps. In how many distinct ways can you climb to the top?

递归，传入根节点，进行BFS搜索。
如果当前节点小于搜索的最低点，则抛弃该节点，继续搜索其右子节点。（由于是BST，右子节点大于节点本身）
如果当前节点大于搜索的最高点，则抛弃该节点，继续搜索其左子节点。
如果当前节点在搜索范围内，则保留该节点，继续递归该节点的两个子节点。
最后返回根节点。

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/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public TreeNode trimBST(TreeNode root, int low, int high) {
        if(root == null){
            return null;
        }
        if(root.val < low){
            return trimBST(root.right, low, high);
        }
        if(root.val > high){
            return trimBST(root.left, low, high);
        }
        
        root.left = trimBST(root.left, low, high);
        root.right = trimBST(root.right, low, high);
        return root;
    }
}
Posted Updated LeetCode / Easy / 复习a minute read (About 206 words)

191. Number of 1 Bits

问题
Write a function that takes an unsigned integer and returns the number of ‘1’ bits it has (also known as the Hamming weight).

Note:

  • Note that in some languages, such as Java, there is no unsigned integer type. In this case, the input will be given as a signed integer type. It should not affect your implementation, as the integer’s internal binary representation is the same, whether it is signed or unsigned.
  • In Java, the compiler represents the signed integers using 2’s complement notation. Therefore, in Example 3, the input represents the signed integer. -3.

位运算，[n-1]的二进制数字为[n]的二进制数字退一位。
二者的与运算结果相当于二进制下[n]减少最右侧的1。
例如0100100的0100011
两者的与运算结果为0100000。相当于减少了一位1。
计算循环次数就可以得出1的总数。

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public class Solution {
    // you need to treat n as an unsigned value
    public int hammingWeight(int n) {
        int count = 0;
        while(n != 0){
            n = (n & (n-1));
            count++;
        }
        return count;
    }
}
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