144. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal

问题
Given the root of a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes’ values.

先序遍历。
先将当前节点加入数组。
然后递归左子节点。
最后递归右子节点。

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    List<Integer> ans;
    public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        ans = new ArrayList();
        traversal(root);
        return ans;
    }
    
    private void traversal(TreeNode root){
        if (root == null){
            return;
        }
        ans.add(root.val);
        traversal(root.left);
        traversal(root.right);
        return;
    }
}